What Are the Differences Between an RN and an LPN

Both Licensed Practical Nurses (LPNs) and Registered Nurses (RNs) are considered "Nurses", and both are required to pass a licensing examination. The real differences between the two lie in the scope of practice, their responsibilities, the possibilities for advancement, and their salaries.

• Scope
• Responsibilities
• Advancement

Note: The scope of practice of RNs and LPNs is regulated by each state. Check your state's regulations for more information.

Scope

LPNs — Licensed Practical Nurses (LPNs) or Licensed Vocational Nurses (LVNs) - as they are called in Texas and California - work under the supervision of a licensed professional (usually an RN; sometimes a Physician). They have career-focused skills training in Nursing, and provide basic hands-on care that helps to improve the health of generally stable patients.

RNs — RNs have a greater level of responsibility. They develop plans of care that they and others follow, and are advocates and health educators for patients, families, and communities. RNs provide hands-on care, typically for patients whose conditions are not stable, or patients whose needs are more complex than those who are cared for by an LPN.

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Responsibilities

LPNs — In most states, LPNs are not permitted to give IVs, administer certain drugs, or perform blood transfusions. Some common tasks an LPN performs are:

• Observe patients
• Report adverse reactions to medications or treatments
• Take vital signs such as temperature, blood pressure, pulse, and respiration
• Treat bedsores
• Prepare and give injections and enemas
• Apply medical dressings
• Insert catheters
• Collect samples from patients for testing
• Perform routine laboratory tests
• Feed patients
• Record food and liquid intake and output
• Help patients with bathing, dressing, and personal hygiene
• Keep patients comfortable and care for their emotional needs

RNs — RNs often oversee the work of LPNs, Nurses Assistants, and Aides. When providing direct patient care, RNs:

• Observe, assess, and record symptoms, reactions, and progress
• Assist physicians during treatments and examinations
• Administer medications
• Assist in convalescence and rehabilitation
• Develop and manage Nursing care plans
• Instruct patients and their families in proper care
• Help individuals and groups take steps to improve or maintain their health

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Advancement

LPNs — Some experienced LPNs supervise Nursing Assistants and Aides, however the most popular path of advancement for an LPN is to continue their education to become an RN.

RNs — Many RNs eventually earn a BSN and MSN. With this continuing education, RNs can become Nurse Educators or work in advanced practice specialties as Clinical Nurse Specialists, Nurse Practitioners, Midwives, or Nurse Anesthetists. Another potential path is to move into Healthcare Management.

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